Neutrinoless double beta decay violates lepton number by two units.
Observation of double beta decay therefore would be a clear signal of physics beyond the standard model.
After some introduction to the status of the field,
this talk concentrates on different particle physics models which can contribute to double beta decay,
such as supersymmetric models or left-right symmetry.
Finally,
contributions to neutrinoless double beta decay from the mass mechanism and the expectations for future experiments are discussed.
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