After almost ten years of research on characterising the properties of real-world multiplex networks, describing mathematically their structure, and modelling different types of dynamical process occurring over them, it is now time to draw the first conclusions and to try to answer a fundamental question: Does multiplex really matter? Focusing here both on the structure and on dynamics of multiplex networks, we discuss some cases where multiplexity gives rise to the emergence of novel behaviors, otherwise unobserved in single-layer networks.
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